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UNIX Q & A Your UNIX account is available to use as long as you are a valid student, staff or faculty member at UTK. Your account may be used for all computing activities at the University, including class work, research work, and personal use. Disk Space: The account comes with 2.5 megabytes of disk space. You may request additional disk space at an annual rate of $25.00 per 100mb. You can use the following command at any time to increase your disk space: increase-quota You (or your department) will be billed at the time you issue the command. Afterwards, the billing will be done annually at the start of the fiscal year. The default action is to send the bill to you. To have your department pay the bill, you need to fill out a CAS Change of Billing Request Form. A copy of this form can be printed from the www page http://oit.utk.edu/forms To reduce your disk space, use the following command: decrease-quota Please note that once you have increased your disk space, you will be billed. There is NO REFUND during the billing period, even if you later decrease your quota. E-Mail: To send or read mail from your UNIX account use PINE. It is a fairly simple package, but it is the easiest to get started with and it gets the job done. Invoke Pine using the following command: pine It is a full-screen mail package. Use the arrow keys to choose options from a menu, or press a character to make a choice from a list of commands always displayed at the bottom of the screen. If you have a Mac or PC at home (or in the office), you might want to read/send mail directly from your computer at home using Eudora, Netscape mail or some other POP client. You should contact the Support Line at 974-9900 to get information for setting this up. Policies: You are expected to know and abide by the Code of Computing Practice. A copy of this can be viewed at http://oit.utk.edu/policies.html The computing center has several policies concerning password security, using Internet chat programs, sending chain letters, etc on UNIX. You are expected to know these policies as well. Files describing these policies are available online in the directory /cmn/policy The two violations that get most people in trouble are spamming and chain letters. There are two policy documents that describe these activities: /cmn/policy/spamming.policy
/cmn/policy/chain-letters.policy
If you read no other policies, I strongly recommend you read these. You should periodically check this directory for changes or new policies. Help: For general computing assistance, you should call the DII Support line at 974-9900 (students)
974-9800 (staff)
For online support check out the directory /hints This directory contains answers to previously asked UNIX questions from other UTK UNIX users.
1. Pegasus Q: I received a message to reduce the size of my mailbox on the server. I use Pegasus; how do I accomplish this? A: You need to look for the setting in Pegasus that says something like "Leave mail on server". I don't know where it is b/c I have never used Pegasus. You could also login to your UNIX account (telnet to unix.cas.utk.edu) and use pine to delete those message that you have already read.
02/09/99 2. How do I change my shell? Q: How do I change my unix shell from ksh to csh? A: You can do this by typing "chsh" at the UNIX prompt. It will lead you strait through the process.
02/09/99 3. How do I reduce my mailbox size? Q: I keep getting these emails every week that say LARGE MAILBOX SIZE MUST BE REDUCED. the emails say I must reduce my mailbox to 10 megabytes. Well, everytime I try to delete all the mail I want, it doesn't happen. I don't know but something is wrong, and I can't reduce my mailbox size until my account decides to delete all of the mail that I have attempted to delete. Help! I am seriously trying to comply w/ this reducing thing, but it isn't happening. I would appreciate it if somebody emailed me back and told me what the deal was. A: Call
the DII Support Line 974-9900 and select option 4 (thats the Unix
support line.) They will walk you through it. 4. IMAP vs. POP3 Q: What is the difference between IMAP vs. POP3? A: IMAP stands for Internet Message Access Protocol. It permits an e-mail client (Eudora, Netscape Mail, Outlook, etc) to access messages on a remote server as if they were on your PC or Mac. For example, email stored on an IMAP server can be manipulated from a computer at home or work without the need to transfer (download) messages back and forth between the computers in question. IMAP can do "offline" processing but is typically used in "online" mode. POP stands for Post Office Protocol. It permits "offline" mail processing, that is all of the messages are transferred (downloaded) to the computer that is running a POP e-mail client. For example, email stored on a remote server is copied to your PC or Mac and then deleted from the mail server in questions. All mail processing is done on your PC or Mac rather than the server. There is a "pseudo online" mode where the POP client was transfers email down to the local computer but leaves a copy of it on the remote server. The main advantages to the IMAP protocol include increased performance (especially over low-speed links) and the ability to manage email on a remote server. When reading mail with an IMAP client only the headers are downloaded until you select to read a message and only that message is downloaded. A POP client will download ALL messages whether you want to read them or not. Also, it is much easier to check mail from multiple places since all mail processing is done on the remote server. There is no risk of accidentally downloading your messages to a public lab machine for example.
5. Directory with privileges that allow incoming anonymous file transfers Q: Is there a possibility of getting a directory with privileges that allow incoming anonymous file transfers? I looked around, but really couldn't find any incoming stuff. Then again, I may just not know where to look or just may have missed it. It would be for SGA, not myself. I realize you may have a policy that restricts such activity. Just let me know. Thanks. A: No, that is considered a serious security breach when one allows world writable directories via FTP. We allow users directories in the outgoing subdirectory under anonymous FTP that allows outside people to get files but not leave files. People that want this functionality can send mail to usg@utk.edu and ask for it.
6. Get my old files from my Unix account at Stanford to my new account here Q: I'm a new faculty member here, and am trying to get my Unix account set up. Mainly, what I've trying to do is get my old files from my Unix account at Stanford to my new account here. Following the advise/instructions of the sys admin at Stanford, I got all my files there into one (very large) file that I ran gzip on and then ftp'd from here to get. It is now sitting in my account here (it's called jkaplan.tar.gz), but I can't seem to un-zip it! I get a couple different kinds of error messages, depending on which technique I try (for gzcat: ksh: gzcat: not found // for zcat:moe:/u02/jkaplan $ zcat jkaplan.tar.gzjkaplan.tar.gz.Z: No such file or directory (but... moe:/u02/jkaplan $ ls dead.letter jkaplan.tar.gz mail/ turing/ Any suggestions / help? A: Add "/usr/gnu/bin" to your path and use gunzip. To do it right away, type: /usr/gnu/bin/gunzip jkaplan.tar.gz tar tf jkaplan.tar - to look at the contents tar xf jkaplan.tar - to extract the contents of the tar file
7. Vacation program Q: There is a member of staff who will be away for about a week. How can she leave a message with an alternate contact that will automatically be sent to anyone e-mailing her? A: You can do this with the vacation program. For more details do `man vacation` at your UNIX prompt. If, in your UNIX account, you type `vacation` you will create all the necc. files that you need to run this program. It will also allow you to edit and modify the message that users will get.
8. How do I change my password? Q: How do I change my password? A: Enter the command 'chpw' to change your password.
9. Adding PC's to the bootp table Q: Hello, I need to add these PC's to the bootp table, If I am correct you will need the Hardware addresses? A: We don't manage the bootp tables...you want Network services (4-6616) or email bootpmgr@ns.utk.edu.
10. Type accents and receive accents in my messages Q: Since much of my correspondence is in French and Spanish, I would like to know if it is possible to do a character set so that I can type accents and receive accents in my messages. Thanks. With the recent availability of Webmail, does CAS plan to eliminate PINE or access to the UNIX system in the near future? How do I make my $HOME/.plan file visible to other users who request my login via finger? X called and is wondering if a staff person can use their UT email address on business cards. These cards are not UT related but an outside business. Customer X cannot create folders in webmail. Customer X needs her Lotus Notes password reset..who takes care of this? We also have a customer who is extremely computer illiterate and he would like to know how much space he has left. Since we can't look for him we were wondering if you would be so kind as to just do a little quota -v peace1. A: 1) Character sets: The answer is probably yes, however I don't know how to do this off the top of my head and it is really trivial to me and I'm not going to investigate. Maybe someone else in the group knows. It is very easy depending on which mail client this person is using (and which editor). To view accented characters set the character-set option (if there is one) to be ISO-8859-1. To send characters it is a little more difficult and will require them to learn the key strokes to produce these characters. If she is using Windows she can use the character map, don't know if there is an equivalent map for the Mac but I would assume so. 2) Webmail is not a replacement for anything. It is simply another option for reading your mail. Pine isn't being eliminated. There is more to UNIX than email, so we will not eliminate access to it either. 3) Finger: I believe finger should be banned. Anyway, make sure the it is world readable. That should be all that's necessary. 4) Outside Business Cards: I don't know. This is a question to be discussed with her boss, not with CAS. 5) Lotus Notes password resets: There is no such thing. The password is being checked by the user's own PC, not by the server, so there is ABSOLUTELY NOTHING we can do at the server end to change a user's password. To be able to help a user who has forgotten their password, we archive their passwords when the account is set up. We can remind the user what their original password was, which is encrypted in the USER.ID file they can download off the Web. They don't need to download their original ID file if they never changed their password. Procedures: User has lost their ID file, but still know the password: Tell them to download it again off the Web. User has forgotten their password (they never changed it): Tell them to bring their ID card to SMC200 to visit Louis Puster or Larry Jennings. User has forgotten their password after changing it: Tell them to download their original ID file off the Web and use their original password. 6) WebMail: I can't duplicate any problems creating folders in Webmail. Maybe more information is needed. Is there any error message generated?! 7: Quota: Am I missing something or are you saying that this customer can do a 'quota -v' for himself?! He has used 1.9mb of his 2.5mb limit.
11. Remember to unsubscribe from any mailing lists when you go on vacation A: If you are going to be leaving for the summer or will not be reading your mail for an extended period of time, please remember to unsubscribe from any mailing lists. Unsubscribing will help keep your mailbox from filling up during over summer. Please contact the DII Support Line at 974-9900 if you need help unsubscribing.
12. Reaction to my computing needs Q: I read your jobs.policy and need to get your reaction to my computing needs. Suppose I need to run 20 jobs, each of which will take 5 hours of CPU time. Even if I run these one at a time, it seems there is no guarantee that they will be allowed to finish. So I was wondering if there is any need for special handling of these jobs. I have an account on the SP2, but it does not have SAS, which I need for these jobs. Thanks, A: The public CAS UNIX machines are primarily for interactive use. But the machines are big enough to handle some large jobs. The prime concern is the impact to the interactive users of the machines. If for example a 5 CPU hour job runs in 5 elapsed hours, that's probably going to cause interactive response problems during the daylight hours. On the other hand that same job run overnight or over a weekend, isn't likely to cause much concern. Another issue is a job's memory requirement. In a way this is a more severe problem. We have seen a recent run of jobs requiring 500mb, 700mb, 1gb+ of memory. The way we are currently configured, these jobs are just way too large to run for any length of time. We are looking at ways of minimizing this. In a nutshell, the jobs policy is primarily a way to keep people from going crazy running jobs without any regard to other users of the machine. We're not trying to keep anybody from getting their work done, but we are trying to keep things equitable, given the resources we have. If your jobs are both huge (memory-wise) and require large amounts if intense CPU time, we probably need to do something special. As an example of a too big job, this morning moe has a job that has used 15.7cpu hours in 16 elapsed hours and is consuming 700mb of the machines memory. With 600 other processes running on moe, we've already started getting complaints about the system performance, commands failing, etc. If you job looks like this, we probably need to arrange something special, otherwise just submit your jobs to run at a reasonably hour and let's see how it goes.
13. Reduce my inbox Q: I would like to reduce my inbox, however the Unix box won't let me save to home. It says my quota is reached although when I "quota -v" it says I am only using 1523 out of 2500. What's going on? A: The problem is that your INBOX is 11953K in size whereas you only have about 970K of quota remaining. You have 2 options:
14. Software available to me on the Unix machines Q: Is there somewhere that lists all the software available to me on the Unix machines and what each of the programs do? One of your webpages said that tf was available, but I was unable to find it. A: I am unaware of a master list. To get a listing of most of the software 1) login to your UNIX account 2) type "setup | more" at your UNIX prompt. That will list a lot of the software on the system but not all. You could also call the Support Line at 974-9900 (opt. 4) to ask more specific questions or send mail to usg@utk.edu. Can you tell me which page talks about this list (the exact URL)?
15. Check my bank information by network in my home Q: I want to check my bank information by network in my home, but when I put my account number and password, it is not working. The help information say that "Some network web servers don't have the capability or are not configured to access secure web sites. Contact your information systems department to verify that you can access secure sites." However I can do it in UT computer lab. Another question is I want to use Eudora as my email program, but it is also not working. I configured the Eudora's operation: pop account: wdong@popserver.utk.edu; SMTP server: smtpserver.utk.edu. So I would like you tell me why? and how to handle it. A: Usually bank web sights use 128-bit encryption, meaning a browser that does not support high encryption will not be able to access. Usually you have to download the high encryption patch for the browser. It seems like he just has on old web browser... There is nothing we have that restricts access to SSL pages on the network.
16. How do I change my Unix password? Q: How do I change my Unix password? A: On unix.cas.utk.edu, type: /usr/misc/bin/chpw It will prompt you for your current password, and then your new password twice for verification.
17. Automatically forward Lotus Notes E-mail A: If a user wants to automatically forward their Lotus Notes E-mail to another system:
Notes:
18. Exceed 6 problem Q: I just had a professor call me and I'm not sure if this problem should go to lservice or to the Unix group, so I'm asking both at the same time. The professor says that whenever you try running Exceed 6 from a Unix account and you try to run the help file in Arc Info, it acts like it is going to run the file, but it never does. This problem does not happen when you try running Exceed 5 from Unix. Is there any way to fix this? A: There is a long standing problem with the help system on ArcInfo. Set the PC to 256 colors, restart Exceed, and the ArcInfo help should work. Something about ArcInfo allocating color maps 256 colors. I don't really understand it. I believe the ArcInfo folks have known about this problem for years. If they choose to do nothing about it, well, that's the way it is. By the way, this isn't something new with Exceed 6 and technically, isn't an Exceed problem at all.
19. Restrict access to my web page Q: I was attempting to restrict access to my web page so that I can post student's grades online. I have created my .htaccess file, but haven't had any luck at creating the .htpasswd file. Should I be able to run htpasswd to create my password files? and if so, please give me the nickel description of how to do so, so that I can find my error. A: You need to use the htpasswd command to create and add/modify entries in your .htpasswd file. Enter the command 'man htpasswd' to see the man page for htpasswd.
19. Campus-wide servers support secure Web transactions Q: Do any of the campus-wide servers support secure Web transactions? I thought that www.admin.utk.edu was moving to this because of online alumni donations, but that page (http://www.admin.utk.edu/alumni/forms/gift.html) is still listed as "under construction." I'm assuming a faculty member couldn't house a site that needed this kind of security on web.utk.edu, but please let me know if I'm wrong. A: To my knowledge only one of the machines that CALA has running will support secure web transactions. I am actually looking into this right now for other reasons but we do not support that on web.utk.edu or any of our machines except the virtual hosted web sites on apache.cas.utk.edu.
20. CGI scripts Q: I've transferred CGI scripts from my Computer Science account to my CAS account. I have set the proper permissions for the files and checked the header on my scripts. However, I keep seeing a reference to cgiwrap. I have tried to execute the scripts using the information on the WWW HELP- Setting Up and Using CGI page, but it still doesn't work. Is cgiwrap an application that I must download? If so, the small disk quota prevents my installing it. I've read the FAQ file and it does not help. Is there another source of information for me to check for common problems with porting CGI scripts from other machines to the CAS accounts? A: Once you read the WWW help page on usg.cas.utk.edu you should be able to do everything you need with cgiwrap. You do not need to download anything (except scripts) to use cgiwrap. I looked in your cgi-bin directory and saw the following list of files: guestbook.cgi guestbook.html url_form.cgi guestbook.cgi.WORKS infofile url_form.cgi~ guestbook.cgi~ time.cgi In your previous message you mentioned the script formmail.pl but that is not listed above so that is why you might be getting any error messages you see. Try reading the messages and see if they tell you anything or send a URL that you are talking about.
21. Hiding my cgi scripts Q: I have noticed that I users can browse my cgi scripts and data files. Can I move these files out of the public_html directory or perhaps in a hidden directory somewhere? A: No, your cgi scripts need to be in the cgi-bin directory in order to run correctly (and the cgi-bin directory must be in the public_html directory).
22. Is there a way to undelete? Q: Well I was using Fetch 3.0.3 to upload stuff to my web page. I accidentally deleted what appear to be my entire folder. The Folder bull88 appears but there is nothing in it. Is there a way to undelete??? A: We can restore your files for your but there is a cost $50 to do this. If you would like to have this done please contact the Support Line at 974-9900 (opt. 4) and make arrangements with them. It looks like you did delete all the files in your UNIX except your public_html folder (web page).
23. My path is different Q: This weekend I decided to change my shell to bash, using the chsh command. This worked fine, but now my path is apparently different. I can't run pine or pico.
A: You need to create a .bashrc and/or .bash_profile where you set up your PATH, MANPATH, and aliases. Mail was created by Pine, and the older Mail subdirectory was created if you used mh or xmh in the past. Pine creates a hidden message file generated by using IMAP, I believe. If you delete it while using mail, it will reappear when you invoke pine again. You need to stick with one mail agent.
25. Can I change the e-mail address for my UNIX account to something else Q: I just registered for a UNIX account right now. This is my dilemma. The e-mail address I have been assigned to is: xxxxx@UTK.EDU I am also a staff member that is already actively using the above pointer for my e-mail account with the Novell network account that I have with the Metaphysics Department. In other words, can I change the e-mail address for my UNIX account to something else? Something that is NOT identical to my e-mail pointer here at Metaphysics? I am an information source for a couple of work-related websites and thus have my work e-mail name listed as 'yyyyyy@utk.edu' so it would be a lot easier to change the UNIX account since I have been using 'xxxxxx@utk.edu' as the work pointer for a long time now. Please let me know what to do via return e-mail. Below is the information you may need to 'look into' my question. Thanks. A: I believe that the confusion created comes about because of how we phrase things when you get a UNIX account. Your UTK email address is xxxxx@utk.edu. Any mail sent to that address will be delivered to yyyyy@novell.chem.utk.ed. When you registered for a UNIX account the registration wanted to make xxxxx@utk.edu point to your UNIX account, but DID NOT because it noticed that the @utk.edu address was already pointing somewhere valid. However, the UNIX registration didn't bother to explain that detail and simply told you your email address. The assumption on our part was that users who had already registered an email address in ph would not want that changed simply because they got a UNIX account. The net result of all this is that mail sent to xxxxx@utk.edu will be delivered to your chemistry account. To have mail sent directly to your UNIX account, use the address: xxxxx00@utkux.utcc.utk.edu. It sounds as if your chemistry account is used primarily for work related activities and your UNIX account is going to be used for personal work. You may like to consider having an entry added to ph for the Chemistry department (or some division within the Chemistry department) so that you could get your ph personal name back for personal use. This is not really what you want to hear because that will mean lots of changes to your web pages and the like, but this may make more sense long term.
26. I need class space to work on my project Q: I'm currently enrolling in Geography 411 - Introduction to Geographic Information Systems I need class space to work on my project but I was unable to do so. It gives me an error message as follow: Creating directory /classes/benloPermission denied %%DIRCREATFAIL unable to create additional directory space The error above may represent an internal error I am just wondering if you can look at my account. If necessary, please reset my account. I need the class space to finish my project. Thanks Chee-Heng Lo A: I had no problem executing the get-class-space command on your behalf this morning. I can only guess that maybe you were trying to execute it on one of the gis or dogwood machines. The command can only be executed on unix.cas.utk.edu (i.e., larry or moe). However once it's given you the additional directory space, you can use that space from anywhere else. Please try the command again from unix.cas.utk.edu and it should work OK. If any of the other students in the class are having the same problem, would you please pass the word to use unix.cas.utk.edu instead of the dogwoods or gis when requesting the space. Oh, by the way, you are over quota on your regular home area. The additional class space won't help you there. It looks like you need to empty the CDE trash can. Actually, now that I'm thinking about it, you won't be able to use CDE being over quota. I'm going to empty the trash for you.
27. I have forgotten my password Q: It has been a couple of years since of have my used my UTK account. I have forgotten my password. What do I do? A: You need to go to Aconda Court 104 and ask for a password reset. Once you ask for a new password it should be ready within 15 minutes or less. But you must show a UT ID so you may not do this over the phone.
28. Forward my UT account mail to my new e-mail account Q: I have graduated from UT last semester, I would like to know what should I do in order to forward my UT account mail to my new e-mail account ? A: You can put .forward file in your directory with your forwarding address in .forward file. You can do following command vi .forward - this will open the file .forward to write, now hit I for insert and write your forwarding address on top of file and after you done hit esc and :wq. This will take care of forwarding the mail.
29. Reduce the memory available in a cafe account Q: Do you know what the command is that one can execute to reduce the memory available in a cafe account? I don't really use mine any longer, and the boss wants all of us who have old accounts like that to reduce our space allotment down to the minimum (whatever that is). It's something like disk -quota, I was told by someone around here, but that doesn't work. A: To decrease the disk quota for a UNIX account login and then issue the command "decrease-quota". Before running the command you should reduce your NTUSGe below 2.5MB. To see your current NTUSGe issue the command "quota -v", and read the second col. That col. will need to be 2500 or less. Hope this helps.
30. How to get my PC's IP address Q: How to get IP address of the PC whenever I logon? is there any Unix command for it? A: If you are running Windows 95 ( and 98 I think) and you want to find out what IP address the PC has, you can go to START/RUN and in the run box type WINIPCFG. This program will determine the IP address that you have. If you are running Windows NT, open a command prompt window and type IPCONFIG and it can help you determine your IP address. IPCONFIG /? will give you a help screen.
31. GroupWise 5.2 Internet Agent Installed A: Up until last week, we had still been running the GroupWise 4.1 SMTP Gateway. This gateway has always given us problems in that it would become hung and it was necessary to reboot UTK_GWHUB fairly often. This was not visible to any of you because this system does not have any users on it, it just serves as a clearing house between GroupWise domains and with the Internet. We have now installed the GroupWise 5.2 Internet Agent. This means Internet mail may be addressed like one of these: in:user@someplace.com (Note: NO quotation marks) internet:user@someplace.com (Quotation marks optional) UTK.PH.alias (Where "alias" is a PH alias) Internet mail may NOT be addressed like: in:"user@someplace.com" (Quotes are SUPPOSED to be allowed. We are fixing this.) HUB4.IN.* (Anything starting out this way will fail.) If you click REPLY to old Internet mail, you may find the "To:" field is not filled in because it would have been "HUB4.IN..." and GroupWise knows that this will not work. If this is the case, simply fill in the address by hand - or use cut and paste. Be sure to use one of the valid forms. When you reply to Internet mail, you will notice an additional form is valid, HUB4.GWIA.("user@someplace.com"). The parentheses are optional. We DO NOT recommend you put this form in your address book because it is subject to change in the future. Use the in:user@someplace.com form because it is not expected to change, and besides, it's shorter. You must check your personal groups to insure that you are not using "HUB4.IN..." anywhere. This is how you do it:
Fix member procedure:
You deserve a reward for having read all the way down to here. GroupWise mail may be addressed without the post office For example, "pustelm@cas.gw.utk.edu" works, but so does "pustelm@gw.utk.edu". (But don't type the quotation marks.) This will not be true for ID's which are not unique in our GroupWise system. Hey, this saves a few keystrokes! 32. Setting up a campus unit e-mail account? Q: I work as the editorial assistant for Dr. Gary Sayler, who is an editor for Environmental Science and Technology (ES&T). ES&T will soon be offering to submit manuscripts electronically and I would like to set up an email account for these manuscripts to be submitted to. If possible I would like it to be named est@..... A: Please go to http://oit.utk.edu/forms and get an "Add a Campus Unit" form. This form has not yet been modified to support the new LDAP directory, so if you need to have a mailbox to receive the mail (that is, a place to login and read the mail separate from your own email account), please put "SIMS" where it asks for "Real" email address. Return the form to the fax number on the form, and please provide another email address to contact when the addition is done. If you have questions about filling out the form, you can call the Help Desk at 974-9800.
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